TECNOLOGÍA

Fugas de agua



Una verdad generalmente aceptada es que 40 por ciento del agua potable que entra en las redes hidráulicas urbanas se pierde en fugas.

Hablamos de miles de metros cúbicos de agua. En la Ciudad de México pierden unos 14 mil litros por segundo.

El problema es recurrente en casi todas las ciudades mexicanas y las causas son prácticamente las mismas: ductos viejos y deteriorados, la presión variable del agua y el suministro intermitente. Según datos del Instituto de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, tres cuartas partes del agua de las fugas se va al drenaje, otra parte se evapora y una más se infiltra al manto freático.

Una parte del problema tiene que ver con los materiales empleados para las tuberías. Otra parte, los sismos y microsismos. Una más, los hundimientos. Y, desde luego, la falta de mantenimiento.

Además, el problema y la cifra no son nuevas. Se vienen repitiendo y se conocen desde hace más de 20 años. Y se ha hecho poco o nada para solucionarlo. Se atienden las fugas visibles y coyunturales. Sin soluciones de mediano y largo plazos.

Mientras, se sigue repitiendo la cifra. Se da por hecho que es un problema. Y no se resuelve de fondo.

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