SEGURIDAD

Cambio climático



Hoy es el Día Mundial del Clima. ¿Y por qué ha cambiado tanto? Según los conocedores o estudiosos del mismo por la influencia de la actividad humana donde el efecto invernadero está a la cabeza. Eso del efecto invernadero es un proceso natural que mantiene la Tierra caliente al atrapar parte del calor del sol en la atmósfera.

Funciona así: la luz solar llega a la Tierra y calienta su superficie. Luego, la Tierra emite calor en forma de radiación infrarroja de vuelta al espacio. Sin embargo, ciertos gases en la atmósfera, como el dióxido de carbono y el metano, actúan como una manta, atrapando parte de ese calor y evitando que escape al espacio. Esto ayuda a mantener la temperatura de la Tierra adecuada para la vida. Pero el problema surge cuando aumentamos la cantidad de estos gases debido a actividades humanas como la quema de combustibles fósiles, la deforestación y la agricultura. Esto intensifica el calor y causa un aumento en la temperatura global, lo que conduce al cambio climático.

La forma de resarcir el efecto invernadero es con fuentes de energía más limpias y renovables como la energía solar, la eólica, la hidroeléctrica, la geotérmica y la llamada biomasa que se obtiene de materia orgánica, como residuos agrícolas, forestales o urbanos y se queman o se convierten en biogás para producir electricidad o calor.

Las alternativas de solución al clima están pues identificadas, pero falta conciencia y acabar con los intereses políticos, económicos y de poder, además de coordinación entre países.

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